Dictionary of the Oldest Written Language–It Took 90 Years to Complete, and It’s Now Free Online

korrigu:

itssummaawilum:

japan-magpie:

typhlonectes:

It took 90 years to complete. But, in 2011, scholars at the University of Chicago finally published a 21-volume dictionary of Akkadian, the language used in ancient Mesopotamia. Unspoken for 2,000 years, Akkadian was preserved on clay tablets and in stone inscriptions until scholars deciphered it during the last two centuries.

In the past, we’ve published audio that lets you hear the reconstructed sounds of Akkadian (Hear The Epic of Gilgamesh Read in the Original Akkadian and Enjoy the Sounds of Mesopotamia). Now, should you wish, you can download download PDFs of U. Chicago’s Akkadian dictionary for free. All 21 volumes would cost well over $1,000 if purchased in hard copy. But the PDFs, they won’t run you a dime…

@summa-awilum  !!!!  Do you know of this??? :DDDD

@japan-magpie Yup!! The final volumes were completed just a couple months before I took Akkadian. The dictionary is super convenient, and even better, it’s free….!! I’ve redownloaded the volumes each time I’ve switched computers/harddrives, too. ❤ 

@bodaciousbanshee

Dictionary of the Oldest Written Language–It Took 90 Years to Complete, and It’s Now Free Online

Giant Freaking Japanese Color List

asiaticfanaticblog:

This list’s intention is to give quite a few common-ish colors a home together in one post for learning purposes and spicing up one’s color vocabulary. For color names that don’t match their English equivalents, I’ve given what I feel is the most accurate translation of the name, plus the literal meaning of the Japanese name for the color. I’ve mostly excluded color names like 

真っ黒(まっくろ)pure black

墨色(すみいろ)inky black (literally ink color)

濡れ羽色(ぬればいろ)jet black (literally wet wing color)

烏羽色(からすばいろ) glossy black (literally crow wing black)

鈍色(にぶいろ)dark, dull grey (literally dull color)

鉛色(なまりいろ)lead color (livid)

鼠色(ねずみいろ) darkish grey, like rat fur (literally rat color)

鋼色(はがねいろ)steel color (steel blue, blueish-gray)

桜色(さくらいろ)pale pink (literally cherry blossom color)

桃色(ももいろ)light pink (literally (Japanese) peach color)

岩礁色(がんしょういろ)coral reef color (darkish pink)

真っ赤(まっか)pure red

紅梅色(こうばいいろ)red Japanese plum color

紅色(べにいろ)crimson

鉄色(てついろ)reddish-black (literally iron color)

橙色(だいだいいろ)orange

茜色(あかねいろ)deep reddish-orange (like that of a sunset) (literally madder red)

柿色(かきいろ)reddish-brown (literally persimmon color)

朱色(しゅいろ)vermillion/ cinnabar

緋色(ひいろ)vermillion (often translated as scarlet)

鳥の子色(とりのこいろ)eggshell color (literally bird’s egg color)

玉子色(たまごいろ)light yellowish (literally egg color)

山吹色(やまぶきいろ)bright, golden yellow (literally mountain blow color (wish I knew about this one for my previous color post..))

黄土色(おうどいろ)yellow ochre

琥珀色(こはくいろ)amber color

萌黄色 (もえぎいろ) yellowish-green (literally sprouting yellow color)

柳色(やなぎいろ)pea green (literally willow green)

鶯色(うぐいいろ)similar to olive green, perhaps slightly lighter (literally Japanese nightingale green)

苔色(こけいろ)moss green

若草色(わかくさいろ)chartreuse, lime grren (literally young grass color)

翡翠色(ひすいいろ)jade green

千歳緑 (ちとせみどり)evergreen (literally 1,000 year green)

仙斎茶 or千歳茶 (せんさいちゃ)dark brownish-green (literally 1,000 year tea)

鴨の羽色(かものはいろ)teal (literally duck wing color)

青緑色 or 青緑(せいりょくしょく or あおみどり)   turquoise/ aqua (literally blue-green color)

碧色(へきしょく)greenish-blue (sorta that sea water blue color)

真っ青(まっさお)pure blue

白殺しor 藍白 (しろころし or あいじろ)very light whitish blue (literally white killing or indigo white)

瓶覗色(かめのぞきいろ)lightish blue (literally water jug peek color)

水色(みずいろ)light blue (literally water color)

空色(そらいろ)sky blue

浅葱色(あさぎいろ)dark cyan (literally pale leek color.. ??)

縹色(はなだいろ)light blue

瑠璃色(るりいろ)cobalt blue

紺碧(こんぺき)azure

紺色(こんいろ)navy blue

勝つ色(かついろ)dark, blackish indigo (literally victory color)

藍色(あいいろ) indigo

藤色(ふじいろ)lavender (literally wisteria color)

ライラック lilac

菫色(すみれいろ)violet

葡萄色(えびいろ or ぶどういろ)dark purple, maroon (literally shrimp color or grape color respectively)

ベージュ色(ベージュいろ)beige

肌色(はだいろ)skin color

茶色(ちゃいろ)tawny brown, lightish brown (literally tea color)

狐色(きつねいろ)light brown, orangish-brown (literally fox color)

褐色(かっしょく)brown

鳶色(とびいろ)auburn (literally black kite color (a type of bird))

焦げ茶色(こげちゃいろ)dark brown (literally burnt tea brown)

銅色(あかがねいろ)copper

青銅色(せいどういろ)bronze (that sort of greenish rusted bronze) (literally blue copper/bronze color)

—-these last few are just color-related terms—-

蛍光(けいこう)fluorescent

透明(とうめい)clear

メタリック(metallic)

Alright, that about covers everything I wanted to put in this post. I shied away from including colors that are loanwords (like オリーブ色)because they are usually pretty self-explanatory. feel free to correct me if I made any errors, or add other colors you find important which I may have missed. If people make enough additions to add other advanced colors, I may end up making a part 2 for this post. Thanks for reading.

ASL Signbank: A online dictionary of ASL signs

superlinguo:

There is now a publicly accessible signbank for American Sign Language (ASL)!

You can search for ASL signs by using English key words, and if you create an account you can get more information about each of the signs. This video from the site gives some more information:

The ASL Signbank joins similar websites for other signed languages, including:

The Signbank is essentially a dictionary of signs for each of the languages. Each website was set up by a different team at a different time, and have slightly different layouts and functions.

You can see that there are some signs that are similar across languages, e.g. the sign for tree in ASL and BSL looks similar to each other, but different to Auslan, while the sign for dog is different in all three (ASL, BSL, Auslan).

Just as any other dictionary won’t teach you about how to stick words together to make sentences, these Signbanks won’t teach you the grammar of each of these languages – but if you’re learning ASL, BSL or Auslan they’re a great way to look up vocabulary!

Reference

Hochgesang, Julie A., Onno Crasborn & Diane Lillo-Martin. (2018) ASL Signbank. New Haven, CT: Haskins Lab, Yale University. https://aslsignbank.haskins.yale.edu/

sixth-light:

is it pronounced like an (American) English speaker would pronounce those syllables? KEE-ah OR-ah? do I need to do anything specific with the R?

I’m just gonna direct you to the Māori dictionary and its example, this radio interview on Māori pronunciation, and this page of common greetings with recordings of their pronunciation, but I would write it as something like “kyaAWErah”. “R” in Māori is…IDK the technical linguistic terms, but sort of halfway to a “l” sound, much like in Japanese. It’s distinctly different from most English versions of “r”. 

(I mean, nobody’s gonna misunderstand you if you say “KEE-ah OR-ah”, but you will 100% sound like an American/Australian/older or not trying very hard Pākehā.) 

signechan:

elumish:

allthingslinguistic:

a-deadletter:

ademska:

reliand:

sergeantjerkbarnes:

simplydalektable:

hannahrhen:

sergeantjerkbarnes:

so i just googled the phrase “toeing out of his shoes” to make sure it was an actual thing

and the results were:

image

it’s all fanfiction

which reminds me that i’ve only ever seen the phrase “carding fingers through his hair” and people describing things like “he’s tall, all lean muscle and long fingers,” like that formula of “they’re ____, all ___ and ____” or whatever in fic

idk i just find it interesting that there are certain phrases that just sort of evolve in fandom and become prevalent in fic bc everyone reads each other’s works and then writes their own and certain phrases stick

i wish i knew more about linguistics so i could actually talk about it in an intelligent manner, but yeah i thought that was kinda cool

Ha! Love it!

One of my fave authors from ages ago used the phrase “a little helplessly” (like “he reached his arms out, a little helplessly”) in EVERY fic she wrote. She never pointed it out—there just came a point where I noticed it like an Easter egg. So I literally *just* wrote it into my in-progress fic this weekend as an homage only I would notice. ❤

To me it’s still the quintessential “two dudes doing each other” phrase.

I think different fic communities develop different phrases too! You can (usually) date a mid 00s lj fic (or someone who came of age in that style) by the way questions are posed and answered in the narration, e.g. “And Patrick? Is not okay with this.” and by the way sex scenes are peppered with “and, yeah.” I remember one Frerard fic that did this so much that it became grating, but overall I loved the lj style because it sounded so much like how real people talk.

Another classic phrase: wondering how far down the _ goes. I’ve seen it mostly with freckles, but also with scars, tattoos, and on one memorable occasion, body glitter at a club. Often paired with the realization during sexy times that “yeah, the __ went all they way down.” I’ve seen this SO much in fic and never anywhere else

whoa, i remember reading lj fics with all of those phrases! i also remember a similar thing in teen wolf fics in particular – they often say “and derek was covered in dirt, which. fantastic.” like using “which” as a sentence-ender or at least like sprinkling it throughout the story in ways published books just don’t.

LINGUISTICS!!!! COMMUNITIES CREATING PHRASES AND SLANG AND SHAPING LANGUAGE IN NEW WAYS!!!!!!!

I love this. Though I don’t think of myself as fantastic writer, by any means, I know the way I write was shaped more by fanfiction and than actual novels. 

I think so much of it has to do with how fanfiction is written in a way that feels real. conversations carry in a way that doesn’t feel forced and is like actual interactions. Thoughts stop in the middle of sentences.

The coherency isn’t lost, it just marries itself to the reader in a different way. A way that shapes that reader/writer and I find that so beautiful. 

FASCINATING

and it poses an intellectual question of whether the value we assign to fanfic conversational prose would translate at all to someone who reads predominantly contemporary literature. as writers who grew up on the internet find their way into publishing houses, what does this mean for the future of contemporary literature? how much bleed over will there be?

we’ve already seen this phenomenon begin with hot garbage like 50 shades, and the mainstream public took to its shitty overuse of conversational prose like it was a refreshing drink of water. what will this mean for more wide-reaching fiction?

QUESTIONS!

@wasureneba
@allthingslinguistic

I’m sure someone could start researching this even now, with writers like Rainbow Rowell and Naomi Novik who have roots in fandom. (If anyone does this project please tell me!) It would be interesting to compare, say, a corpus of a writer’s fanfic with their published fiction (and maybe with a body of their nonfiction, such as their tweets or emails), using the types of author-identification techniques that were used to determine that J.K. Rowling was Robert Galbraith.

One thing that we do know is that written English has gotten less formal over the past few centuries, and in particular that the word “the” has gotten much less frequent over time.

In an earlier discussion, Is French fanfic more like written or spoken French?, people mentioned that French fanfic is a bit more literary than one might expect (it generally uses the written-only tense called the passé simple, rather than the spoken-only tense called the passé composé). So it’s not clear to what extent the same would hold for English fic as well – is it just a couple phrases, like “toeing out of his shoes”? Are the google results influenced by the fact that most published books aren’t available in full text online? Or is there broader stuff going on? Sounds like a good thesis project for someone! 

See also: the gay fanfiction pronoun problem, ship names, and the rest of my fanguistics tag.

You may also notice that, because modern fanfiction, at least, is formatted differently from published books, there are structural choices that work better in fanfiction than they do in published works. Fanfiction is generally published sans indent, single spaced with a space between paragraphs. That means that doing things like having a number of short/one-word/cut off lines works far better in fanfiction than it would in a published novel. For example, in one of my fics, I have:

He slows to take a turn

and he’s chained up by his arms

and there’s a honk as he veers into the other lane

as water is poured down his throat and he chokes

Something like this would likely not be possible in a published novel. Similarly, people will go back and forth between either POVs or timelines/times between paragraphs or very short scenes through the use of italics or obvious line breaks in a way that would likely be much more confusing in a published novel. I do find myself using different structural choices between my original fics and my fanfiction for this very reason. So it’s not just the language we’re using but how we’re putting it together.

I’m lead to believe that a writing book called “The Bestseller Code” (https://www.amazon.co.uk/dp/B01FVDGRB6/?coliid=I3Q5S594RG9LSF&colid=3D8A2I3G6XWE2&psc=0&ref_=lv_ov_lig_dp_it) might be relevant to this discussion. I haven’t actually read it, it’s on my list, but my understanding is that it dissects a number of bestsellers and looks for them commonalities to try and identify what a bestseller needs. And they basically had to have an entirely different take for 50 Shades (yes, hiss boo) because of its roots in fanfiction.

cool irish words because why not

wildbeewitch:

beochaoineadh (bee-oh-kween-ooh): a lament for someone who has gone away but not died; “elegy for the living”

bladar (blodder): talking crap

liúdramán (loo-dra-mawn): a lazy mess of a person who really doesn’t do anything with themselves

plámás (plaw-maws): sweet-talking/flattering someone too woo them; sneaky flirting

airneánach (arr-nyan-och): someone who likes working/staying up late into the night, comes from “airneán/airneál” which is when everyone from a small village would gather in one person’s house for a late night of music and entertainment

aimliú (am-loo): the ruining of something after being exposed to bad weather

aduantas (ah-joon-tis): anxiety when surrounded by people you don’t know or when you’re somewhere new

crocadóir (cruck-a-door): a snake; fake person who’d sell you out if given the opportunity

saoi (see): a highly respected, wise, learned person

pléaráca (play-raw-ka): boisterous merrymaking i.e. what we call a sesh these days

asclán (ass-clawn): the amount of something that can be carried under one arm

reanglamán (rang-la-mawn): a really tall, lanky person

ragaire (rag-erra): someone who enjoys late-night wandering or talking for hours late into the night

aiteall (at-chill): the dry spell inbetween rain showers

easóg (ass-oag): sneaky weasel/rat; cranky/sassy bitch

dearglach (dyarg-glock): a red glow in the sky

lofa (luffa): something disgusting

plobaireacht (plub-er-acht): speaking incoherently while crying

drochdheoir (druck-yore/druck-ywee): a bad character trait inherited from one’s parents

codraisc (cud-reeshk): a random collection of worthless objects

clagarnach (cla-ger-nock): the sound of heavy rain on a rooftop

plóta (ploh-ta): an idiot

bunbhríste (bun-breesh-ta): well worn but still wearable trousers

pusachán (puss-a-kawn): someone who complains too much

bogán (bug-awn): soft, unsteady ground/overcooked, mushy food/a spineless person

spréachta (spray-k-ta): electrified with anger

leannán (lan-awn): lover

bothántaíocht (buth-awn-tea-ucht): calling your neighbours to catch up on the local gossip

pocléimnigh (puck-lame-nee): jumping for joy

stríocálaí (stree-call-ee): someone who works hard but isn’t well-skilled

mo chroidhe (muh cree): darling; literally “my heart”; similar to “stór (store)”

spéirbhean (spare-van): a woman as beautiful as the sky

amarielah:

machigaeru:

I started Hebrew, which is why I’ve been dead on this blog, but I don’t think I can ever properly convey to you guys the sheer cultural whiplash of spending years learning Japanese from Japanese teachers and then trying to learn Hebrew from an Israeli

  • Japanese: you walk into class already apologizing for being alive
    Hebrew: you walk into class, the teacher insults you and you are expected to insult her back
  • Japanese: conjugates every single verb based on degree of intended politeness, nevermind keigo and honorifics
    Hebrew: Someone asked my teacher how to say “excuse me” and she laughed for several seconds before saying we shouldn’t worry about remembering that since we’ll never need to say it
  • Japanese: if you get one stroke wrong the entire kanji is incomprehensible
    Hebrew: cursive? script? fuck it do whatever you want, you don’t even have to write the vowels out unless you feel like it
  • Japanese: the closest thing there is to ‘bastard’ is an excessively direct ‘you’ pronoun
    Hebrew: ‘bitch’ translates directly

Fun fact: Israel has possibly the lowest power-distance metric of any culture in the world, while Japan has one of the highest. I didn’t realize that the CTO of my company was the CTO until somebody else told me, because everybody called him by his first name and engaged in mutual shit-talking/playful insults with him.

In Japan, even calling your boss by the wrong honorific is liable to get you in trouble.

And apparently there’s some sciencey cooperative venture going on between Israel and Japan in an official diplomatic capacity. I want to be a fly on the wall when Japanese and Israeli scientists work together.